The NoSuchFieldError is an error in Java that occurs when a specified field does not exist. It is thrown when an application attempts to access or modify a field of an object or a static field of a class but the object or class no longer contains that field. The NoSuchFieldError only occurs during runtime if the definition of a class has changed incompatibly. Since it is thrown at runtime, it does not need to be declared in the throws clause of a method or constructor.

The unsupported major.minor version error is thrown in Java when a class is compiled using a higher version of the Java Development Kit (JDK) but executed on a lower version of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE). The exact cause is printed on the version e.g. in the case of major.minor version 52.0, the class is compiled using JDK 8 since major version 52 corresponds to Java SE 8. This error can usually be fixed by running the application on the same (or higher) JRE version as the JDK.

The SecurityException is a runtime exception in Java that is thrown by the security manager to indicate a security violation. The SecurityException is an unchecked exception and does not need to be declared in the throws clause of a method or constructor.

Arithmetic is at the core of every program and every programming language in existence. From integer and floating-point arithmetic all the way down to bitwise and pointer arithmetic, these mathematical operations translate into machine instructions which execute with thundering speeds and manipulate the state of software applications used across all sorts of different domains.