Understand how unenforced Key Constraints can benefit queries in BigQuery.

For more than a decade now, the Hive table format has been a ubiquitous presence in the big data ecosystem, managing petabytes of data with remarkable efficiency and scale. But as the data volumes, data variety, and data usage grows, users face many challenges when using Hive tables because of its antiquated directory-based table format. Some of the common issues include constrained schema evolution, static partitioning of data, and long planning time because of S3 directory listings.

How data technologies circumvent ugly tradeoffs and satisfy competing priorities.

Iceberg is an emerging open-table format designed for large analytic workloads. The Apache Iceberg project continues developing an implementation of Iceberg specification in the form of Java Library. Several compute engines such as Impala, Hive, Spark, and Trino have supported querying data in Iceberg table format by adopting this Java Library provided by the Apache Iceberg project.